[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/jedna-z-nejstarsich-nemoci\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/jedna-z-nejstarsich-nemoci\/","headline":"Jedna z nejstar\u0161\u00edch nemoc\u00ed","name":"Jedna z nejstar\u0161\u00edch nemoc\u00ed","description":"Bakterie, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje onemocn\u011bn\u00ed leprou, m\u00e1 vlastnost infikovat m\u00edsta na t\u011ble, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a sliznice. Slovo \u201elepra\u201c je \u0159eck\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, a zna\u010d\u00ed chorobu, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se loupe k\u016f\u017ee, to znamen\u00e1 loupat se. Jin\u00fd n\u00e1zev t\u00e9to nemoci, malomocenstv\u00ed, znamen\u00e1 nejsp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee je p\u0159i t\u00e9to nemoci po\u0161kozen hmat, co\u017e tato choroba zp\u016fsobuje. U\u017e nejstar\u0161\u00ed […]","datePublished":"2026-06-03","dateModified":"2023-05-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/baa231f7e1963b29d6549eb0e137b049d877d4e97c51386f463c7d4fc98329bd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/baa231f7e1963b29d6549eb0e137b049d877d4e97c51386f463c7d4fc98329bd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ledeo.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/art281262_1x1_20260618_100833_xtILdb.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/art281262_1x1_20260618_100833_xtILdb.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/jedna-z-nejstarsich-nemoci\/","about":["Zv\u00ed\u0159ata"],"wordCount":410,"articleBody":"Bakterie, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje onemocn\u011bn\u00ed leprou, m\u00e1 vlastnost infikovat m\u00edsta na t\u011ble, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a sliznice. Slovo \u201elepra\u201c je \u0159eck\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, a zna\u010d\u00ed chorobu, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se loupe k\u016f\u017ee, to znamen\u00e1 loupat se.Jin\u00fd n\u00e1zev t\u00e9to nemoci, malomocenstv\u00ed, znamen\u00e1 nejsp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee je p\u0159i t\u00e9to nemoci po\u0161kozen hmat, co\u017e tato choroba zp\u016fsobuje. U\u017e nejstar\u0161\u00ed zm\u00ednku o t\u00e9to nemoci najdeme z obdob\u00ed cca 1500 p\u0159. n. l. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky, kter\u00e9 se na\u0161ly, a kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed nejsp\u00ed\u0161e a\u017e ze \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l., vykazuj\u00ed z\u0159eteln\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky t\u00e9to choroby.V dob\u011b Antiky m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt zm\u00ednky o tomto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hlavn\u011b ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b nebo v Indii. Mnoho zm\u00ednek o lep\u0159e najdeme t\u00e9\u017e v Bibli, kde je zmi\u0148ov\u00e1na ve star\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b. O n\u011bco pozd\u011bji se toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo po Evrop\u011b, kam bylo zavle\u010deno za k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ck\u00fdch v\u00e1lek.V patn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed stolet\u00ed ji pozd\u011bji v Evrop\u011b p\u0159edb\u011bhla tuberkul\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 je zp\u016fsobov\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi bakteriemi.Lepra byla v minulosti pova\u017eov\u00e1na za bo\u017e\u00ed trestV minulosti byli lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed touto onemocn\u011bli, soust\u0159ed\u011bni a izolov\u00e1ni v lepros\u00e1ri\u00edch. Posledn\u00ed lepros\u00e1rium v Evrop\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Rumunsku.Virus, kter\u00fd toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje, se geneticky od dob st\u0159edov\u011bku nezm\u011bnil, jen se pozm\u011bnila a omezila p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1kazy. Tuto nemoc mohou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et tak\u00e9 divok\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at je nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u00e1sovec dev\u00edtip\u00e1s\u00fd.\tP\u0159\u00edznaky lepry\tOnemocn\u011bn\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Nejv\u00edce naka\u017eliv\u00e1 forma t\u00e9to nemoci je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v\u0159edy. M\u016f\u017ee ale doj\u00edt k v\u00fdvoji onemocn\u011bn\u00ed do destruktivn\u00ed formy. Zde choroba zni\u010d\u00ed lidsk\u00fd imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a rozpad bun\u011bk zp\u016fsob\u00ed znetvo\u0159eniny na rukou, nohou a obli\u010deji.\tV\u00fdskyt a lepryDnes se lepra se vyskytuje v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe, ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Africe, na Madagaskaru a v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii a to hlavn\u011b v Indii. Vyskytuje se ale i v Evrop\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve \u0160pan\u011blsku a v Rumunsku.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Jedna z nejstar\u0161\u00edch nemoc\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.ledeo.cz\/jedna-z-nejstarsich-nemoci\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]